Association between consanguinity and neurological and developmental disorders in pediatric patients: A retrospective cohort study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

doi:10.5409/wjcp.118721

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

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2219-2808

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Pediatr. Sep 9, 2026; 15(3): 118721
Published online Sep 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.118721

Table 5 Developmental disorders among children with epilepsy, stratified by consanguinity status, n (%)

Developmental disorder	Epilepsy + consanguineous	Epilepsy + non-consanguineous	Total	χ²	P value
n	48	32	80
Any developmental disorder	36 (75.0)	25 (78.1)	61 (76.3)	0.10	0.75
GDD/ID	23 (47.9)	14 (43.8)	37 (46.3)	0.13	0.71
Language delay	7 (14.6)	4 (12.5)	11 (13.8)	0.07	0.79
Motor impairment	11 (22.9)	3 (9.4)	14 (17.5)	2.44	0.12
ASD	2 (4.2)	0 (0.0)	2 (2.5)	¹	0.36

¹χ² test was used to compare between the groups. Fisher's exact test was used when the assumption of χ² test was not met.

Percentages are calculated within each column. ASD: Autism spectrum disorder; GDD: Global developmental delay; ID: Intellectual disability.

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Citation: Alhamoud AH, Granana NE, Bajahzer MF, Muthaffar AM, Sabi MA, Aboelsoud AA, Harbi RH, Harbi MH, Hawas AM. Association between consanguinity and neurological and developmental disorders in pediatric patients: A retrospective cohort study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(3): 118721
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2219-2808/full/v15/i3/118721.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.118721

Alhamoud AH, Granana NE, Bajahzer MF, Muthaffar AM, Sabi MA, Aboelsoud AA, Harbi RH, Harbi MH, Hawas AM. Association between consanguinity and neurological and developmental disorders in pediatric patients: A retrospective cohort study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(3): 118721 [DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.118721]

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