Bovine colostrum for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in susceptible children: A randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics in study groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Colostrum group (n = 30)	Placebo group (n = 30)	P value
Age (years)	5.1 ± 3.3	4.8 ± 3.2	0.685
Male	18 (60.0)	20 (66.7)	0.592
Weight	-0.8 ± 1.2	-1.1 ± 1.6	0.454
Height	-1.1 ± 1.5	-1.3 ± 1.9	0.607
Pathology
Posterior urethral valve	14 (46.7)	17 (56.7)	0.438
Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction	4 (13.3)	2 (6.7)	0.671
Vesicoureteric reflux	7 (23.3)	9 (30.0)	0.559
Single kidney	5 (16.7)	2 (6.7)	0.424
Neurogenic bladder	1 (3.3)	1 (3.3)	0.999
Antibiotic prophylaxis	24 (80.0)	26 (86.7)	0.488
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.8 ± 0.4	0.9 ± 0.8	0.651
eGFR (mL/minute/1.73 m2)	67.2 ± 28.8	73.2 ± 40.8	0.513
Chronic kidney disease stage
I	4 (13.3)	9 (30.0)	0.292
II	11 (36.7)	8 (26.7)
III	13 (43.3)	9 (30.0)
IV	2 (6.7)	2 (6.7)
V	0 (0.0)	2 (6.7)

eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate.