Persistent long-term subclinical myocardial changes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children revealed by cardiac magnetic resonance and galectin-3

Table 4 Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging parameters at follow-up (mean 23.6 months) in children with multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children

Parameters on MRI	mean ± SD, median (IQR)	Remarks
EDV (mL)	65.80 ± 16.07	-
	64.85 (51.62-76.33)
EDV Z scores	-1.72 ± 0.73	5 (42%) patients had EDV ≤ 2 Z score as per BSA
	-1.91
ESV (mL)	26.43 ± 5.92	-
	26.75 (20.4-30.25)
ESV Z scores	-0.56 ± 0.65	1 (8.3%) patient had ESV ≤ 2 Z score as per BSA
	-0.32
SV (mL)	41.27 ± 15.19	-
	33 (30.05-54.87)
SV Z scores	-1.52 ± 0.83	7 (58%) patients had SV ≤ 2 Z score as per BSA
	-2.02
CO (L/minute/m2)	3.54 ± 1.46	7 (58%) patients had CO lower than normal range (3.5-5 L/minute/m2)
	2.97 (2.42-4.8)
EF	58.34 ± 7.75	4 (33%) patients had EF < 55%
	58 (52.25-63.77)
T1 values (millisecond)	1173 ± 115	2 (16%) patients had T1 values > 1240 normal range (1021-1240)
	1195 (1171.25-1211.75)
T2 values (millisecond)	37.9 ± 2.64	-
	37 (35.50-40.00)
RWMA	-	All had no RWMA
LGE	-	No LGE were detected in any patients

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; IQR: Interquartile range; EDV: End diastolic volume; ESV: End systolic volume; SV: Stroke volume; CO: Cardiac output; BSA: Body surface area; EF: Ejection fraction; RWMA: Regional wall motion abnormality; LGE: Late gadolinium enhancement.