Giant coronary aneurysms in children with Kawasaki disease and major cardiac complications and dynamic follow-up

Table 3 Clinical features of patients with Kawasaki disease and giant coronary artery aneurysms (subgroup 1a)

ID, sex, age	Affected coronary arteries	KD form	Cardiovascular events	Other KD manifestation	Treatment
1, M, 5 months	Bilateral multiple LCA d = 0.60 cm (Z-score = 13.7), RCA d = 0.45 cm (Z-score = 10.79)	Complete	Acute HF: HF 4 FC. Subtotal thrombosis of AIVA, acute anterolateral myocardial infarction, ischemic DCM, apical aneurysm of LV	CNS injury-aseptic meningitis, seizures	IVIG 2 courses, AA + clopidogrel, heparin, and LMWH, therapy of chronic HF, Mammarocoronary AIVA bypass grafting
2, M, 9 months	Bilateral multiple LCA d = 0.51 cm (Z-score = 10.25); RCA d = 0.50-0.51 cm (Z-score = 10.79)	Complete	Acute coronary syndrome, ischemic myocardial damage	CNS injury (stunned consciousness) hemophagocytic syndrome	IVIG + GCS + AA + clopidogrel, heparin/LMWH
3, M, 3 months	Bilateral multiple LCA d = 0.50 cm (Z-score = 10.8); RCA d = 0.35 cm (Z-score = 6.8)	Complete	Acute HF giant extracardiac aneurysms	CNS injury-aseptic meningitis hemophagocytic syndrome	IVIG + GCS + AA + clopidogrel, heparin/LMWH
4, M, 8 years	Bilateral multiple AIVA d = 0.626 cm (Z-score = 11.29), circumflex 0.372 cm (Z-score = 4.25); RCA trunk 0.428 cm (Z-score = 4.77), mid. RCA 0.531 cm (Z-score = 7.83)	Complete	Ischemic DCM, HF 4 FC	CNS injury–stunned consciousness	IVIG + АА + LMWH
5, M, 3 years	LCA aneurysm d = 0.7 cm (Z-score = 11.28)	Incomplete	LCA aneurysm, thrombosis, LV dilatation	KD recurrence after 12 months	IVIG + AA + LMWH
6, M, 3 months	RCA aneurysm d = 1.5 cm (Z-score = 37)	Complete	NA	NA	IVIG + AA
7, F, 5 years	LCA aneurysm d = 0.874 cm (Z-score = 18.00	Complete	Ischemic DCM, aortic valve valvulitis with transient, transvalvular flow, acceleration (blood flow rate = 1.78 m/second, pressure gradient 1733 kPa)	CNS injury-stunned consciousness arthritis with rapid reversal	IVIG + AA
8, F, 8 months	Dilatation of the LCA and descending branch, aneurysm of the circumflex artery d = 0.74 cm (Z-score = 17.66)	Incomplete	NA	CNS injury-cerebral vasculitis	IVIG + AA
9, F, 2 years	LCA aneurysm d = 0.715 cm (Z-score = 14.39)	Incomplete	Near-wall thrombus in LCA aneurysm	NA	IVIG + AA

АА: Acetylsalicylic acid; AIVA: Anterior interventricular artery; CNS: Central nervous system; d: Diameter; DCM: Dilated cardiomyopathy; F: Female; FC: Functional class; GCS: Glucocorticosteroids; HF: Heart failure; IVIG: Intravenous immunoglobulin; KD: Kawasaki disease; LCA: Left coronary artery; LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin; LV: Left ventricle; M: Male; NA: Not available; RCA: Right coronary artery.