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Case Control Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Clin Pediatr. Dec 9, 2025; 14(4): 107346
Published online Dec 9, 2025. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v14.i4.107346
Table 2 Evaluation of measurement and structural model
Measurement
Results
Standard
Outer model
Outer loading0.504-0.855> 0.70 (ideal), > 0.50 acceptable for exploratory research
Cronbach’s alpha0.628-1.00> 0.60 (exploratory), > 0.70 (confirmatory)
AVE0.689-1.00> 0.50
Cross-loadings Loading on own construct > other constructsLoading on own construct > other constructs
Inner model
Path coefficient0.276 (Child growth), 0.583 (Child development)Values closer to 1 indicate stronger relationships
R20.176 (Child growth), 0.339 (Child development)≥ 0.67 (substantial), ≥ 0.33 (moderate) and ≥ 0.19 (weak)
f20.182 (Child growth), 0.514 (Child development)≥ 0.35 (large), ≥ 0.15 (medium) and ≥ 0.02 (small)
Q20.131 (Child growth), 0.187 (Child development)> 0


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