Towards improved neonatal care: Developing reference intervals for biochemical parameters in umbilical cord blood: An Indian study

Table 3 Reference intervals for umbilical cord blood biochemical parameters by sex of the baby

Parameter	Sex	N	Median	Mean	Max	Min	Reference interval
							Lower limit	Upper limit
Serum bilirubin (T)	Male	112	1.85	1.824	3.2	0.25	0.509	3.139
	Female	98	1.8	1.834	3.17	0.3	0.687	2.981
	Combined	210	1.9	1.879	3.24	0.25	0.618	3.14
Serum bilirubin (D)	Male	112	0.3	0.318	0.6	0.1	0.095	0.541
	Female	98	0.3	0.326	0.6	0.1	0.095	0.565
	Combined	210	0.3	0.354	1.22	0.1	0.097	0.55
Serum bilirubin (I)	Male	112	1.16	1.159	1.8	0.2	0.7276	2.036
	Female	98	1.2	1.334	1.9	0.8	0.7234	1.944
	Combined	210	1.4	1.453	2.5	0.8	0.644	2.262
Serum creatinine	Male	112	0.55	0.492	0.65	0.32	0.248	0.736
	Female	98	0.545	0.515	0.67	0.31	0.282	0.748
	Combined	210	0.56	0.511	0.72	0.31	0.2677	0.755
Serum sodium	Male	112	137	136.075	142.3	137	129.392	142.76
	Female	98	136.2	135.51	142.6	124	127.03	143.99
	Combined	210	136.3	135.72	142.6	124	128.19	143.26
Serum potassium	Male	112	5.31	5.77	9.89	3.9	2.16	9.37
	Female	98	4.955	5.592	9.6	3.9	1.952	9.233
	Combined	210	5.085	5.797	15.41	3.9	1.62	9.98
Serum chloride	Male	112	106.1	105.94	113.3	97	99.65	112.23
	Female	98	106.65	106.08	111	97.8	100.65	111.52
	Combined	210	106	105.94	113.3	97	100.19	111.68
Plasma glucose	Male	112	55.6	59.74	91.8	33.4	17.85	101.62
	Female	98	59	59.073	94.8	42.1	34.742	83.4036
	Combined	210	57.2	59.49	94.8	31.6	24.75	94.23