Parental presence in the pediatric intensive care unit reduces postoperative sedative requirements: A retrospective study

Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics by prescriptions for sedation therapy, n (%)

Variables	Diazepam		Trimeperidine		Morphine
	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
Age (years), median (IQR)	1.9 (1.0-3.1)	7.5 (3.0-13.6)c	9.2 (4.5-14.0)	1.0 (0.7-1.6)c	1.1 (0.7-1.8)	9.3 (4.7-14.0)c
Sex, male	31 (55.4)	103 (44.2)	90 (43.1)	44 (55.0)	46 (53.5)	88 (43.4)
Weight (kg), median (IQR)	11.2 ± 5.2	26.7 ± 17.5c	29.2 ± 16.7	9.6 ± 6.1c	10.1 ± 9.2	29.6 ± 16.8c
Comorbidities, yes	13 (23.2)	24 (10.3)a	29 (13.9)	8 (10.0)	8 (9.3)	29 (14.3)
Presence of cerebral palsy, yes	6 (10.7)	7 (3.0%)a	12 (5.7)	1 (1.3)	1 (1.2)	12 (5.9)
Type of surgery
Orthopedic	14 (25.0)	120 (51.5)b	126 (60.3)	8 (10.0)c	12 (14.0)	122 (60.1)c
Abdominal	26 (46.4)	65 (27.9)	54 (25.8)	37 (46.3)	39 (45.3)	52 (25.6)
Other	16 (28.6)	48 (20.6)	29 (13.9)	35 (43.7)	35 (40.7)	29 (14.3)
LOS in ICU (days), median (IQR)	3 (2-4.5)	2 (2-3)c	2 (2-3)	3 (2-4)c	3 (2-4)	2 (2-3)c
Hospital LOS, mean ± SD	16.3 ± 6.9	15.9 ± 6.4	15.4 ± 6.3	17.4 ± 6.7a	17.4 ± 6.6	15.4 ± 6.3a
RASS, mean ± SD	1.3 ± 0.4	1.0 ± 0.1c	1.1 ± 0.4	1.1 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.4

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

IQR: Interquartile range; LOS: Length of stay; ICU: Intensive care unit; RASS: Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.