Ethnic heterogeneity of juvenile arthritis in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) related to a high human leukocyte antigen B27 frequency

Table 4 Therapy of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), n (%)

Therapy	Results (n = 225)
Nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs	225 (100)
Glucocorticosteroids
Not received	180 (80.0)
Intravenous	11 (4.8)
Oral	5 (2.2)
Intra-articular	22 (9.7)
Sulfasalazine	8 (3.6)
Methotrexate	205 (91.5)
Early methotrexate withdrawal	29/205 (14.1)
Leflunomide	1 (0.4)
Cyclosporine A	5 (2.2)
Patients, treated with biologics	91 (40.4)
The first-line biological drugs
Etanercept	60/91 (65.9)
Adalimumab	21/91 (23.1)
Tocilizumab	7/91 (7.7)
Secukinumab	2/91 (2.2)
Abatacept	1/91 (1.1)
Time to the first biologic, medians (25%, 75%) (months)	6 (3, 18)
Remission on the first biologic	34/86 (39.5)
Time to remission on the first biologic, medians (25%, 75%) (months)	8.5 (6, 24)
De-novo uveitis on etanercept	4/60 (6.7)
Patients, treated with second-line biologic	12/91 (13.8)
The second-line biological drugs
Etanercept	1 (8.3)
Adalimumab	5 (41.7)
Tocilizumab	1 (8.3)
Secukinumab	2 (16.7)
Abatacept	1 (8.3)
Upadacitinib	2 (16.7)
Time to the second biologic, medians (25%, 75%) (months)	24 (2, 38)
Patients with remission on the second biologic	5/11 (45.5)
Time to remission on the second biologic, medians (25%, 75%) (months)	6 (6, 6)