Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical variables among the groups, mean ± SD, n (%)

	Active tDCS (n = 10)	Sham tDCS (n = 8)	P value
Age, yr	14.4 ± 2.4	14.3 ± 2.5	0.96
Age at onset, yr	12.7 ± 3.6	12.0 ± 1.9	0.69
Duration of symptoms, months	19.8 ± 19.5	28.3 ± 29.2	0.68
Gender, male	5 (50)	6 (75)	0.28
Religion, Hindu	8 (80)	7 (87.5)	0.67
Education
Up to high school	8 (80)	6 (75)	0.8
Up to intermediate	2 (20)	2 (25)
Domicile, urban	6 (60)	4 (50)	0.67
Type of family, nuclear	5 (50)	5 (62.5)	0.59
Number of family members
≤ 5	4 (40)	5 (62.5)	0.34
> 5	6 (60)	3 (37.5)
Family income in Rs/month
≤ 20000	4 (40)	3 (37.5)	0.91
> 20000	6 (60)	5 (62.5)
Developmental delay	2 (20)	-
Past history
Hypothyroidism	1 (10)	-
OCD	2 (20)	-
Depressive episode	-	1 (12.5)
Family history of psychiatric illness, present	2 (20)	-
Co-morbidities
Excoriation	1 (10)	-
Subnormal intelligence	1 (10)	-
Major depressive disorder	-	1 (12.5)
Hospitalization	2 (20)	-

tDCS: Transcranial direct current stimulation; OCD: Obsessive compulsive disorder.