Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among children with Down syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Risk of bias assessment of included studies using the Hoy et al[26] 2012 tool

Ref.	Representation	Sampling	Random selection	Non response bias	Data collection	Case definition	Reliability and validity of study tool	Method of data collection	Prevalence period	Numerator and denominator	Summary assessment
De Rubens et al[48]	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	HR
Shah et al[33]	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	HR
Cua et al[35]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR
Weijerman et al[40]	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Banjar et al[41]	HR	HR	LR	HR	LR	HR	LR	LR	LR	LR	MR
Mourato et al[42]	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Sharma et al[43]	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Shrestha et al[36]	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR
Espinola-Zavaleta et al[44]	LR	LR	LR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Bermudez et al[34]	LR	LR	HR	HR	LR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Zonouzi et al[45]	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Joffre et al[6]	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	HR
Okeniyi et al[37]	LR	LR	LR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR
Bush et al[38]	LR	LR	LR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR
Martin et al[39]	LR	LR	LR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR
Zahari et al[46]	HR	LR	HR	HR	LR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR	MR
Alsuwayee et al[47]	HR	HR	HR	HR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	MR

HR: High risk; LR: Low risk; MR: Moderate risk (LR: 0-3; MR: 4-6; HR: 7-9).