Effectiveness of adaptive servo-ventilation

Table 4 Summary of recommendations for the use of adaptive-servo ventilation in various settings

Settings	Indication	Improvement other than AHI	Supporting evidence
With SDB
HF	After optimization of HF, with CSA not suppressed by CPAP	Daytime sleepiness	RCTs (vs CPAP)[3,4,40,41,43]
		LVEF	RCTs (vs control)[36,42]
		BNP	RCT (vs Bi-level PAP)[37]
		Event-free survival
Treatment-emergent CSA	With HF	Same as HF
	Without HF	Sleep architecture	Retrospective studies (pre-post study, vs CPAP)[64,65]
		Adherence of PAP
Idiopathic CSA	With symptoms	Daytime alertness and mood	Case series (pre-post study, vs CPAP or oxygen)[5]
Opioid-induced CSA	Benefit unknown
Stroke-related CSA	Post-acute phase	Daytime sleepiness	A single-center retrospective study (pre-post study)[86]
Without SDB
HF	Regardless of the presence or absence of SDB	LVEF	A multi-center retrospective study (pre-post study)[91]
		NYHA class
Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema	With elevated filling pressure	Dyspnea	An observational study (vs supplemental oxygen alone)[12]
		High blood pressure
Atrial fibrillation	During PVI	Procedural time	On-off study[93]

AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; ASV: Adaptive-servo ventilation; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide; CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; CSA: Central sleep apnea; HF: Heart failure; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; PAP: Positive airway pressure; PVI: Pulmonary vein isolation; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; SDB: Sleep disordered breathing.