Review
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Respirol. Nov 28, 2013; 3(3): 67-76
Published online Nov 28, 2013. doi: 10.5320/wjr.v3.i3.67
Table 3 Signalling pathways common to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer
Signal pathwayDownstream effectsRole in COPDRole in lung cancerRef.
NFκβ↑MMPs, ↑TNFα, ↓apoptosis, ↑angiogenesis↑inflammation↑cell proliferation, ↓cell death, metastasis[111]
PI3KActivation and migration of leukocytes↑inflammation↑cell proliferation, ↓cell death[112,113]
P38 MAPKBlock JNK/c-Jun, ↑TNFα↑inflammationMetastasis, ↓cell death[114]
PPARγ↓MMP9, ↓TNFα, ↓TGFβ↓inflammation↑cell differentiation, ↓cell proliferation[115,116]