Prevention of shoulder dystocia related birth injuries: Myths and facts

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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2218-6220

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Obstet Gynecol. Nov 10, 2014; 3(4): 148-161
Published online Nov 10, 2014. doi: 10.5317/wjog.v3.i4.148

Table 1 Predisposing factors for shoulder dystocia

Preconceptional	Prenatal	Intrapartum
Small maternal stature	Low glucose tolerance	Protracted latent phase
Obesity	Preeclampsia	Protracted labor (1^st stage)
Diabetes (or family history)	Gestational diabetes	Protracted labor (2^nd stage)
High maternal birth weight	Large for gestational age fetus	Conduction anesthesia
Past birth of LGA child	Excessive weight gain (> 18 kg)	Use of oxytocin
Narrow pelvis	Postdatism	Arrest of labor
Past incidence of shoulder dystocia	Postmaturity	Vacuum extraction
“Elderly” primigravida	Induction of labor	Forceps delivery

LGA: Large for gestational age.

Citation: Iffy L. Prevention of shoulder dystocia related birth injuries: Myths and facts. World J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 3(4): 148-161
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-6220/full/v3/i4/148.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5317/wjog.v3.i4.148

Iffy L. Prevention of shoulder dystocia related birth injuries: Myths and facts. World J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 3(4): 148-161 [DOI: 10.5317/wjog.v3.i4.148]

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