Smoking and genital human papilloma virus infection in women attending cervical cancer screening in Greece

Table 6 Association between smoking habits and high-risk human papilloma virus status according to Papanicolaou test result and stratified according to age n (%)

Age (yr)	HPV (cytology)	Smoking	HPV (+)	HPV (-)	Total	P	OR
25-34	Pap (+)	Yes	13 (76.5)	4 (23.5)	17	NS
		No	9 (64.3)	5 (35.7)	14
		Total	22	9	31
	Pap (-)	Yes	82 (40.4)	121 (59.6)	203	< 0.001	2.3 (1.5-3.5)
		No	54 (22.5)	186 (77.5)	240
		Total	136	307	443
	Total	Yes	95 (43.2)	125 (56.8)	220	< 0.001	2.3 (1.6-3.4)
		No	63 (24.8)	191 (75.2)	254
		Total	158 (33.3)	316 (66.7	474
35-44	Pap (+)	Yes	3 (75.0)	1 (25.0)	4	NS
		No	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	1
		Total	4	1	5
	Pap (-)	Yes	18 (10.7)	151 (89.3)	169	NS
		No	23 (11.2)	183 (88.8)	206
		Total	41	334	375
	Total	Yes	21 (12.1)	152 (87.9)	173	NS
		No	24 (11.6)	183 (88.4)	207
		Total	45 (11.8)	335 (88.2)	380
45-55	Pap (+)	Yes	2 (40.0)	3 (60.0)	5	NS
		No	1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)	4
		Total	3	6	9
	Pap (-)	Yes	18 (9.0)	183 (91.0)	201	NS
		No	14 (6.2)	213 (93.8)	227
		Total	32	396	428
	Total	Yes	20 (9.7)	186 (90.3)	206	NS
		No	15 (6.5)	216 (93.5)	231
		Total	35	402	437
All ages	Pap (+)	Yes	18 (69.2)	8 (30.8)	26	NS
		No	11 (57.9)	8 (42.1)	19
		Total	29	16	45
	Pap (-)	Yes	118 (20.6)	455 (79.4)	573	0.001	1.7 (1.3-2.3)
		No	91 (13.5)	582 (86.5)	673
		Total	209	1037	1246
	Total	Yes	136 (22.7)	463 (77.3)	599	NS
		No	102 (14.7)	590 (85.3)	692
		Total	238	1053	1291

P-value of χ² test and corresponding OR (95%CI). Papanicolaou (Pap) test (+) = atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance or worse; Pap test (-) = Normal. NS: Not significant; HPV: Human papilloma virus.