Subsidence following surgical stabilization of acromioclavicular joint injuries: Should we be concerned?

Table 4 Incidence of loss of reduction following acromioclavicular joint reconstruction using suture anchors or ligament advanced reinforcement system in acute and chronic injuries

Ref.	Study design	n	Rockwood type	Technique	Mean follow-up	LOR/re-dislocation
Ben-Ari et al[89]1, 2024	Retrospective	3	Chronic (III, V)	Open reconstruction with 2 coracoid suture anchors + semitendinosus allograft	6 weeks-12 months	100% early LOR
Mendes Júnior et al[90], 2019	Prospective	30	Acute (V)	Open reconstruction with 2 metallic anchors + CA ligament transfer	≥ 6 months	High rate of subluxation (not quantified)
Tiefenboeck et al[87], 2018	Retrospective	47	Acute (III-V)	LARS reconstruction	7.4 years	17% slight LOR; 11% partial LOR; 2% total LOR
Muccioli et al[88], 2016	Prospective	43	Chronic (III-V)	LARS reconstruction	≥ 24 months	2% re-dislocation; 21% slight LOR
Lu et al[86], 2014	Prospective	24	Acute (IV-V)	LARS reconstruction	36 months	16.7% slight LOR

¹It should be noted that isolated case series with extremely small sample sizes, such as the study by Ben-Ari et al[90], should be interpreted cautiously and not extrapolated to broader clinical populations.

LOR: Loss of reduction; LARS: Ligament advanced reinforcement system; CA: Coracoacromial.