Musculoskeletal and bone health characteristics in young men: A comparison of low and high bone mineral density

Table 1 Comparison of upper limb composition and bone health between young men with low and high Bone mineral density, mean ± SD

	Low BMD (n = 20)	High BMD (n = 20)	P value
Left arm fat mass (g)	775.52 ± 187.44	945.71 ± 204.81	P < 0.01
Left arm lean mass (g)	2437.27 ± 242.93	2799.55 ± 207.82	P < 0.001
Left arm fat-free mass (g)	2570.06 ± 254.90	2978.19 ± 214.54	P < 0.001
Left arm overall mass (g)	3345.57 ± 367.09	3923.88 ± 280.80	P < 0.001
Left arm fat percentage (%)	23.01 ± 3.82	24.00 ± 4.22	P > 0.05
Left arm bone area (cm2)	188.31 ± 19.68	215.56 ± 13.94	P < 0.001
Left arm bone mineral content (g)	132.78 ± 13.95	178.64 ± 11.57	P < 0.001
Left arm bone mineral density (g/cm2)	0.71 ± 0.02	0.83 ± 0.04	P < 0.001
Right arm fat mass (g)	809.96 ± 185.04	961.33 ± 206.73	P < 0.05
Right arm lean mass (g)	2626.84 ± 270.64	2943.33 ± 215.95	P < 0.001
Right arm fat-free mass (g)	2770.35 ± 289.09	3133.26 ± 225.25	P < 0.001
Right arm overall mass (g)	3580.31 ± 394.88	4094.58 ± 286.08	P < 0.001
Right arm fat percentage (%)	22.49 ± 3.74	23.39 ± 4.11	P > 0.05
Right arm bone area (cm2)	197.79 ± 23.06	222.01 ± 15.34	P < 0.001
Right arm bone mineral content (g)	143.50 ± 20.20	189.93 ± 15.05	P < 0.001
Right arm bone mineral density (g/cm2)	0.72 ± 0.03	0.86 ± 0.05	P < 0.001

BMD: Bone mineral density.