Comparison of neurohormone and callus volume formation in long bone fractures associated with or without traumatic brain injury

doi:10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116068

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World Journal of Orthopedics

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2218-5836

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Orthop. May 18, 2026; 17(5): 116068
Published online May 18, 2026. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116068

Table 3 Biochemical marker interleukin-6 over time in patients with and without traumatic brain injury

IL-6 (pg/mL)	Group	n	mean ± SD	Statistic (test type)	P value	Significance
7 days	Without TBI	25	22.3 ± 8.2	t = -10.52 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant
7 days	With TBI	16	130.2 ± 40.5	t = -10.52 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant
6 weeks	Without TBI	25	78.2 ± 20.1	t = -8.80 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant
6 weeks	With TBI	16	410.5 ± 150.2	t = -8.80 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant
12 weeks	Without TBI	25	25.6 ± 10.3	t = -11.00 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant
12 weeks	With TBI	16	220.5 ± 70.4	t = -11.00 (t-test)	< 0.0001	Significant

IL-6: Interleukin-6; TBI: Traumatic brain injury.

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Citation: Mounisamy P, Singh H, Vairappan B, Rajasekar G, Chandrashekar S, Jeyaraman N, Jeyaraman M. Comparison of neurohormone and callus volume formation in long bone fractures associated with or without traumatic brain injury. World J Orthop 2026; 17(5): 116068
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-5836/full/v17/i5/116068.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116068

Mounisamy P, Singh H, Vairappan B, Rajasekar G, Chandrashekar S, Jeyaraman N, Jeyaraman M. Comparison of neurohormone and callus volume formation in long bone fractures associated with or without traumatic brain injury. World J Orthop 2026; 17(5): 116068 [DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116068]

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