Predictive value of preoperative computed tomography parameters for meniscal and cruciate ligament injuries in tibial plateau fractures: Meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of patients, fractures, and study structures

Ref.	Country	Type of study	Number of patients	Sex (male/female)	Age, mean ± SD (range)	Fracture classification (according to Schatzker classification)	Studied structures	Reported CT parameters	Reference procedure
Chang et al[3], 2018	China	Prospective	100	77/23	44.6 ± 13.28 (18 to 72)	4 type I, 33 type II, 12 type III, 20 type IV, 18 type V and 15 type VI	LM, MM, ACL, and PCL	LPD, LPW, MPD, MPW, LAD and MAD	Arthroscopy (performed after fracture fixation)
Salari et al[20], 2021	United States	Retrospective	70	49/21	45.1 ± 12.9	12 type I and 58 type II	LM	LPD	Sub-meniscal arthrotomy
Jain et al[12], 2020	United Kingdom	Retrospective	88	58/30	45.25 ± 16.5	1 type I, 50 type II, 19 type IV, and 18 type VI	LM and MM	LPD and LPW	Open surgery
Kim et al[21], 2022	South Korea	Retrospective	42	26/16	47.2 ± 9.6 (17 to 63)	39 type II and 3 type III	LM	LPD	Arthroscopy (the authors performed ARIF)
Liu et al[22], 2023	China	Retrospective	60	35/25	Injured: 45.8 ± 18.2; intact: 44.5 ± 16.5	60 type IV	LM	LPD and LPW	Open surgery
Pu et al[10], 2022	China	Prospective	296	174/122	44.9 ± 15.6; injured: 46.0 ± 16.0; intact: 43.8 ± 15.2	296 type II	LM	LPD and LPW	They performed both open surgery evaluation (mainly for the anterior horn and body of the LM) and arthroscopic assessment of the remaining soft tissue structures
Ringus et al[13], 2010	United States	Retrospective	85	50/35	45.0 ± 17.6 (8 to 85); injured: 40.9 ± 15.1 (20 to75); intact: 46.9 ± 18.5 (18 to 85)	2 type I, 21 type II, 9 type III, 1 type IV, 35 type V and 16 type VI	LM	LPD	Open surgery
Tang et al[8], 2017	Taiwan	Retrospective	132	60/72	45.7 ± 13.1 (18 to 75)	4 type I, 25 type II, 20 type III, 8 type IV, 52 type V and 23 type VI	LM	LPD and LPW	Arthroscopy (the authors performed ARIF
Thamyongkit et al[23], 2018	Thailand	Prospective	10	6/4	52.4 ± 12.5 (35 to 80)	1 type I, 1 type II, 3 type IV, 2 type V and 3 type VI	LM, MM, and PCL	LPD, LPW, MPD and MPW	Arthroscopy

CT: Computed tomography; MM: Medial meniscus; LM: Lateral meniscus; ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament injury; PCL: Posterior cruciate ligament; LPD: Lateral plateau depression; LPW: Lateral plateau widening; MPD: Medial plateau depression; MPW: Medial plateau widening; LAD: Lateral area of depression; MAD: Medial area of depression; ARIF: Arthroscopic-assisted internal fixation.