Xianling Gubao capsule alleviates osteoporosis: Modulation of gut-bone axis and Wnt signaling

Figure 5 Effect of Xianling Gubao capsule on the mRNA expression of key bone metabolism factors in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats. A: Expression level of osteoprotegerin; B: Expression level of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB; C: Expression level of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05 vs ovariectomy group; ^bP < 0.01 vs ovariectomy group; ^cP < 0.001 vs ovariectomy group; ^eP < 0.01 vs sham-operated group. Sham: Sham-operated; OVX: Ovariectomy; E2: Estradiol; XLGB-L: Xianling Gubao capsule-low; XLGB-M: Xianling Gubao capsule-middle; XLGB-H: Xianling Gubao capsule-high; OPG: Osteoprotegerin; RANK: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB; RANKL: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand.