Acute total knee arthroplasty for traumatic proximal tibial fractures: A systematic review

Table 2 Surgical and implant details, mean ± SD

Ref.	Time from injury to surgery (days)	Surgical approach	Type of prosthesis	Bone defect assessment	Use of extras	Concomitant ORIF (number of knees)
Abdelbadie et al[28], 2020	6.5 (1-21)	Medial parapatellar	22 PS	10 (45.5%) contained defect and 12 (54.5%) non contained defect	22 (100%) cementless long tibial stem, 6 (27.3%) bone graft and 4 (18.2%) metal wedge	6 (the fracture fragment was fixed by screws to act as structural bone graft)
Asikin et al[29], 2022	NR	Medial parapatellar	1 PS	NR	1 cementless tibial stem	Yes
Boureau et al[30], 2015	3.9 (1-11)	Medial parapatellar	10 RHK, one CCK	NR	11 cemented tibial stems	none
Haufe et al[31], 2016	NR	NR	24 RHK and 6 PS (MB)	NR	NR	NR
Hesmerg et al[32], 2024	58 (15-107)	NR	8 PS (6 MB), 2 CR, 2 RHK	NR	4 (33.3%) femoral stem, 12 (100%) tibial stem	NR
Huang et al[33], 2016	4 (2-6)	Medial parapatellar	3 PS femur and 3 CCK tibia	5 knees [3 contained and 2 non-contained (mean defect size was 3.2 mm)]	3 (100%) cemented tibial stem, bone defect was filled with polymethyl methacrylate or autologous bone	None
Kadakia et al[34], 2007	NR	NR	1 RHK	NR	Cemented stems in femur and tibia	None
Mirzatolooei et al[35], 2021	NR	Medial parapatellar	11 CCK	NR	NR	NR
Sabatini et al[36], 2023	5 ± 2 (2-9)	NR	6 PS and 5 CCK	NR	11 (100%) tantalum cones, wedges, cementless tibial stems	None
Sarzaeem et al[37], 2017	NR	Medial prepatellar	27 PS and 3 CCK	NR	NR	NR
Sivasubramanian et al[38], 2016	9 (6-12)	Medial parapatellar	2 PS and 1 LCCK	Intraoperatively, significant subchondral bone loss	3 (100%) tibial stems and tantalum cones- one (33.3%) femoral stem	2
Tapper et al[39], 2020	5.8 (1-16)	Medial parapatellar	2 RHK, 16 CCK, and 4 CR	NR	22 (100%) tibial stem, 19 (86.4%) femoral stem; 4 (18.2%) lateral or medial tibial augment, 1 (4.5%) tantalum cone	2
Vermeire and Scheerlinck[40], 2010	Three days (range: 1-6), one patient was operated upon after 2 weeks of trauma	NR	11 PS and 1 CCK	NR	12 (100%) tibial stem (cemented in two), 5 (41.7%) graft impaction, 2 (16.7%) augmentation blocks, one (8.3%) femoral stem	7
Wui et al[41], 2020	6 days and 15 days	Medial parapatellar	2 CCK	NR	2 (100%) tibia stem	NR

NR: Not reported; PS: Posterior stabilized; CR: Cruciate retaining; CCK: Constraint condylar knee; RHK: Rotating hinge knee.