Objective functional assessment in orthopedics: The emerging role of wearable technologies

Table 2 Wearables in orthopedic trauma

Ref.	Patient population	Wearable device(s)	Key findings
Taraldsen et al[91], 2014	Elderly patients post-hip fracture in RCT	Accelerometer-based activity monitor	Patients receiving comprehensive geriatric care spent more time upright and recovered function more quickly than controls
Kammerlander et al[89], 2018	Older hip fracture patients post-surgery	Pressure-sensing insoles	Patients frequently exceeded prescribed partial weight-bearing. Wearables objectively revealed poor adherence to weight-bearing restrictions
Marmor et al[88], 2022	Patients with orthopedic trauma (systematic review)	Multiple (accelerometers, pressure insoles, etc.)	Wearable monitors are increasingly used to assess recovery post-fracture. Most commonly studied in hip and fragility fractures
Lockhart et al[94], 2021	Community-dwelling older adults	Sternum-mounted IMU	Gait variability and complexity predicted future falls over 6 months with approximately 82% accuracy. Validated use of wearables in fall risk assessment

RCT: Randomized controlled trial.