Cephalomedullary fusion nails for treatment of infected stemmed revision total knee arthroplasty: Four case reports

Table 1 Summary of patient demographics

Case	Age	Sex	BMI (kg/m2)	Comorbidities	Prior knee surgeries (n)	Description of surgeries (year)	Previous post-operative infective organism
1	73	M	63	Morbid obesity; coronary artery disease; type 2 diabetes; atrial fibrillation neuropathy/chronic ipsilateral heel sore; hypertension; chronic venous stasis - right leg; sleep apnea; chronic anemia	4	Initial right TKA (2010); articulating antibiotic cement spacer (2016); long stem revision (2016); debridement with prosthesis retention (2019)	Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis
2	78	F	28	Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; hypertension; history of deep vein thrombus; history of melanoma; history of basal cell cancer	3	Initial right TKA (2005); long stem revision rotating hinge TKA (2019); arthrotomy (2023)	Coagulase negative staphylococcus
3	59	M	42	Morbid obesity; dyslipidemia; history of alcoholism	5	Initial right TKA (2020); arthrotomy (2021); arthrotomy/poly exchange (2021); articulating knee spacer (2021); long stem revision TKA (2021)	Streptococcus mitis; Enterobacter cloacae; Enterococcus faecalis; Coagulase negative staphylococcus
4	84	M	27	Stage 3 chronic kidney disease; hypothyroidism; chronic pulmonary disease; carotid stenosis; hypertension; Alzheimer’s disease; sleep apnea	7	Initial left TKA (2015); articulating spacer (2016); revision TKA (2017); patellar realignment (2017); second articulating spacer (2017); long stem rotating hinge revision TKA (2018); arthrotomy/poly exchange (2022)	Serratia marcescens

BMI: Body mass index; M: Male; F: Female; TKA: Total knee arthroplasty.