Application prospects of urine-derived stem cells in neurological and musculoskeletal diseases

Table 1 Surface markers of urine-derived stem cells

Surface markers in USCs		Ref.
MSC-like markers	CD73, CD90, CD29, CD44, CD146
	CD73, CD29, CD44
	CD73, CD90, CD44, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD105 (high), CD44, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD105, CD29, CD24, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD29
	CD73, CD90, CD29, CD44, CD54, CD166, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD105, CD29, CD44
	CD90, CD29, CD44
	CD73, CD90, CD105, CD29, CD44, CD166, STRO-1, CD54, CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD105, CD44
	CD73, CD90, CD105, STRO-1 (low), CD146
	CD73, CD90, CD105, CD24, CD29, CD44, CD117, STRO-1, CD146
	CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 (low)
	CD24, CD29, CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90
Other pluripotency markers	TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, SSEA-4, SOX2, OCT4, MYC, KLF4
	SSEA-4
	OCT4, MYC
	OCT4, NANOG	[20]
	CD133
Urinary system markers	Nephrin, WT1	[20]
	PAX2, PAX8
	Uroplakin Ia, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 19
MP markers	PAX7, MYF5, MOYD, desmin, dystrophin, myogenin, α-smooth muscle actin	[24]

CD: Cluster of differentiation; KLF: Kruppel-like factor 4; MP: Myogenic pedigree; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cells; MYC: Myelocytomatosis oncogene; MYF: Myogenic factor 5; NANOG: Nanog homeobox; OCT4: Octamer binding transcription factor 4; PAX: Paired-box; SOX2: Sex determining region Y-box 2; SSEA-4: Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4; STRO-1: Stromal cell antigen-1; TRA: Tumor resistance antigen; USCs: Urine-derived stem cells; WT: Wilms’ tumor.