Prosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee due to Mycobacterium species: A systematic review

Table 2 Descriptive comparison between tuberculous and nontuberculous Mycobacteria prosthetic joint infection cases (excluding mixed-infection cases)

	Tuberculous PJI (n = 43)	Nontuberculous PJI (n = 63)	P value
Joint involvement
Hip	22/43 (55.1%)	22/63 (34.9%)	0.096
Knee	21/43 (44.9%)	41/63 (65.1%)
Onset of disease after index surgery
≤ 3 mo	5/43 (11.6%)	22/60 (36.7%)	0.002
> 3 mo	34/43 (79.1%)	38/60 (63.3%)
Intraoperative	4/43 (9.3%)	0
NA	0	3
Treatment
Antimicrobial therapy only	10/43 (23.3%)	2/54 (3.7%)	0.002
Debridement	8 /43(18.6%)	3/54 (5.5%)
Removal of prosthesis	25/43 (58.1%)	48/54 (88.9%)
Amputation	0	1/54 (1.8%)
NA	0	9
Outcome
Infection controlled	35/43 (81.4%)	44/48 (91.7%)	0.092
Persistent infection	4/43 (9.3%)	4/48 (8.3%)
Dead	4/43 (9.3%)	0
NA	0	15

P < 0.05: Significant. NA: Data not available; PJI: Prosthetic joint infection.