Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver: Literature review and case series

Table 2 Anatomopathological criteria and molecular features for mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver

Criterion	Diagnostic importance
Ovarian-like subepithelial stroma	Essential for MCN-L diagnosis and for differential diagnosis
Cuboidal to columnar cells, with variable mucin content	Typical histological appearance of the inner surface of the cysts
Basally oriented nuclei	Common nuclear arrangement
Immunohistochemical positivity of ovarian-like stroma for ER, PR, WT1	Helps differentiate from other hepatic cystic lesions
Expression of SF-1, Inhibin-α, Calretinin in ovarian-like stroma	Suggests hormonal influence
Activation of Hedgehog and Wnt pathways	Associated with oncogenesis
Rarity or absence of KRAS and RNF43 mutations	Differentiates from pancreatic MCN
Shortening of telomers	Indicates progression to carcinoma

MCN-L: Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver; ER: Estrogen receptor; PR: Progesterone receptor; WT1: Wilms tumor 1; SF-1: Steroidogenic factor 1.