Clinical characteristics and outcomes in carbohydrate antigen 19-9 negative pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Studies reporting on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prognosis according to carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level or Lewis antigen status

Survival analysis according to CA 19-9 values
Ref.	n	CA 19-9 in U/mL	Survival
			Overall median survival in mo
Berger et al[30], 2004	7	Undetectable	32
	21	≤ 37	35
	44	38-200	22
	57	> 200	16
Ferrone et al[33], 2006			Mean survival time in yr
	29	< 37	2.3
	82	≥ 37	1.6
Waraya et al[28], 2009			Disease-specific survival in mo
	23	≤ 37	30.6
	66	> 37	12.7
Hirakawa et al[29], 2011			Median survival in mo
	41	Normal	39.0
	84	Elevated	16.9
Hartwig et al[32], 2011			Median survival in mo
	232	< 37	28.0
	418	37-399	23.5
	239	≥ 400	14.5
Turrini et al[40], 2009			Median survival in mo
	50	< 37	22
	53	400-900 (n = 27), > 900 (n = 26)	15
Katz et al[34], 2010			Median survival in mo
	21	< 37	52.8
	78	> 37	21.2
Kondo et al[35], 2010			Preoperative 3-yr survival (%)
	32	< 37	57%
	77	> 37	30%
Hata et al[36], 2012			Preoperative median survival in mo
	51	< 37	16.2
	218	> 37	16.4
Bergquist et al[37], 2016			Median OS in mo
	3666	< 37	19.1
	7140	> 37	14
Jia et al[38], 2019			Median OS in mo
	13	< 35	21
	107	≥ 35	11
Mattiucci et al[25], 2019			Median OS in mo
	39	0-5.0	25
	167	5.1-37.0	38
	139	37.1-100.0	32
	178	100.1-353.0	22
	177	> 353.1	20
Kondo et al[26], 2017			Median survival in mo
	65	< 37	52.0
	84	≥ 37	23.7
	88	< 50	52.0
	61	≥ 150	20.9
	101	< 300	46.7
	48	≥ 300	18.8
Dong et al[27], 2014			Median OS in mo
	18	< 37	21.6
	102	≥ 37	14.2
Kang et al[31], 2007			Disease free survival in mo
	18	< 50	22.20
	43	≥ 50	19.31
Kwon et al[14], 2020			Median survival in d
	408	< 37	644
	779	> 37	340
Survival analysis according to Lewis antigen status
Luo et al[39], 2017			Median survival in mo
	682	137 CA 19-9 (-)	Stage I, II: 16.6 in Lewis (-), 17.6 in Lewis (+)
		47 Lewis (-)	Stage III, IV: 6.0 in Lewis (-), 7.8 in Lewis (+)
Luo et al[11], 2018			Median survival in mo
	1482	19.8% CA 19-9 (-)	8.0 in Lewis (-)
		8.4% Lewis (-)	10.0 in Lewis (+)
Kwon et al[14], 2020			Median survival
	1187	203 CA 19-9 (-)	356 d in Lewis (-)
		375 Lewis (-)	477 d in Lewis (+)

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; OS: Overall survival.