Clinical outcomes of upadacitinib dose escalation in inflammatory bowel disease: A single-center retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Symptom improvement in entire cohort, n (%)

Symptom	Before, n = 49	After, n = 49	P value
Any symptoms	44 (89.8)	35 (71.4)	0.022
Abdominal pain	28 (57.1)	14 (28.6)	0.003
Urgency	22 (45.0)	8 (16.3)	0.003
Hematochezia	24 (49.0)	10 (20.4)	0.004
Diarrhea	27 (55.1)	18 (36.7)	0.049
Extra-intestinal manifestations	20 (35.7)	13 (23.2)	0.089
Constipation	5 (10.2)	2 (4.1)	0.375
Mucus	7 (14.3)	4 (8.2)	0.450
Nausea	8 (16.3)	7 (14.3)	1.000
Vomiting	2 (4.1)	1 (2.0)	1.000
Tenesmus	5 (10.2)	4 (8.2)	1.000

Gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms were assessed in all patients. P values were calculated using McNemar’s test. Seven patients were excluded due to lack of paired data.