Effect of cholecystectomy on liver fat and fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease patients

Table 6 Uni and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with the presence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis

Risk factor	Univariate			Multivariate
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Age ≥ 50 years	1.00	0.98-1.03	0.93	0.77	0.87-1.65	0.2
Sex female	0.98	0.56-1.71	0.80	0.89	0.77-1.34	0.45
High blood pressure	0.96	0.55-1.67	0.93	0.98	0.89-2.11	0.10
Diabetes mellitus	0.50	0.28-0.89	0.01	1.03	0.87-1.22	0.69
Hypertriglyceridemia	0.97	0.42-2.24	0.91	0.78	0.98-4.22	0.64
Hypercholesterolemia	1.74	0.66-4.60	0.99	0.89	0.78-2.23	0.79
Obesity	1.35	0.76-2.38	0.24	1.92	0.92-1.13	0.04
GBS	0.58	0.33-1.02	0.04	0.67	0.77-1.11	0.056
Chx	0.58	0.33-1.02	0.059	1.43	0.87-1.37	0.05
weight	0.99	0.97-1.01	0.76	0.78	0.66-1.21	0.89
BMI	0.98	0.92-1.05	0.73	1.03	0.87-1.22	0.69
Waist size (cm)	0.98	0.95-1.01	0.22	0.99	0.92-1.06	0.82
Metabolic syndrome	2.04	1.06-3.93	0.07	1.40	0.45-4.36	0.55
ALT	0.97	0.96-0.99	0.002	0.60	0.20-1.78	0.68
GGT	0.99	0.98-1.00	0.27	1.87	0.98-2.11	0.02
Triglycerides	0.91	0.68-1.22	0.59	0.68	0.28-1.22	0.17
LDL Cholesterol	0.94	0.69-1.27	0.92	0.56	0.69-3.36	0.47
BARD score	1.18	0.91-1.53	0.27	0.79	0.54-2.86	0.06
Home test	0.91	0.83-1.01	0.06	0.86	0.47-1.38	0.45
FLI score	0.98	0.96-1.00	0.07	0.79	0.64-1.66	0.13
LAP score	1.00	0.99-1.00	0.80	0.34	0.87-1.33	0.75
HSI score	0.94	0.91-0.98	0.006	0.78	0.88-1.65	0.76
APRI score	0.50	0.15-1.63	0.30	0.88	0.98-3.22	0.97
FIB4 score	1.14	0.78-1.66	0.53	0.56	0.67-1.33	0.24
NFS score	1.04	0.87-1.25	0.50	0.76	0.54-2.66	0.76
Elasticity/ultrasound	0.26	0.11-0.59	0.001	0.89	0.77-1.76	0.16
Steatosis/MRI	0.88	0.85-0.92	0.000	1.89	0.99-1.26	< 0.001
Elasticity/FibroScan®	0.70	0.58-0.83	0.000	1.65	1.22-3.67	0.043
CAP	0.98	0.98-0.99	0.000	1.45	1.17-3.25	0.121

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; GBS: Gallbladder stones; Chx: Cholecystectomy; BMI: Body mass index; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; BARD: Body mass index, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, diabetes mellitus; FLI: Fatty liver index; LAP: Lipid accumulation product; HSI: Hepatic steatosis index; APRI: Aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index; FIB4: Fibrosis 4; NFS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter.