©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Dec 5, 2025; 16(4): 109304
Published online Dec 5, 2025. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304
Published online Dec 5, 2025. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304
Figure 2 Immunomodulatory effects of stereotactic body radiation therapy.
TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; DC: Dendritic cells; TAA: Tumor-associated antigen; PD-1: Programmed cell death-1 receptor; CTLs: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
- Citation: Sharma D, Meena BL. Evolving role of radiation therapy in advanced/metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2025; 16(4): 109304
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v16/i4/109304.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304