Evolving role of radiation therapy in advanced/metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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2150-5349

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Dec 5, 2025; 16(4): 109304
Published online Dec 5, 2025. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304

Table 1 Summary of key studies on radiation as a neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment modality in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Therapy type	Study/protocol	Regimen (RT + chemo)	Patient population	Key outcomes
Neoadjuvant	NACRAC[48]	45 Gy EBRT + Gemcitabine	Borderline/Locally advanced hilar CCA	R0 resection 89.6%
	SBRT + LT[49]	30-45 Gy SBRT + Capecitabine	Unresectable iCCA, transplant cohort	Pathologic CR in 3/6, 83% 1-year survival
Adjuvant	NCDB analysis[47]	RT (dose varies)	GBC, extrahepatic CCA, N+/R1	OS improvement in high-risk groups
	RT for iCCA[43]	NA	Resected iCCA, high-risk	Median OS 11 months

SBRT: Stereotactic body radiation therapy; EBRT: External beam radiation therapy; GBC: Gall bladder cancer; iCCA: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; CR: Complete response; OS: Overall survival; LT: Liver transplantation; RT: Radiation therapy; NCDB: National Cancer Database; NACRAC: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

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Citation: Sharma D, Meena BL. Evolving role of radiation therapy in advanced/metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2025; 16(4): 109304
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v16/i4/109304.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304

Sharma D, Meena BL. Evolving role of radiation therapy in advanced/metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2025; 16(4): 109304 [PMID: 41378071 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.109304]

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