Elusive liver factor that causes pancreatic α cell hyperplasia: A review of literature

Table 2 Genes significantly underexpressed in the Gcgr^-/- mouse liver

Gene symbol	mRNA description	GO biological process term	Fold decrease
Mmd2	Monocyte to macrophage differentiation-associated 2	Cytolysis	9.7
Nnmt	Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Unknown	6.2
Gcgr	Glucagon receptor	Exocytosis/signal transduction/cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway/G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway/G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger/activation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway	5.3
Mfsd2a	Major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A	Transport/transmembrane transport	4.2
Oat	Ornithine aminotransferase, nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein	Unknown	4.1
Slc10a2	Solute carrier family 10, member 2	Transport/ion transport/sodium ion transport/organic anion transport/bile acid and bile salt transport	3.9
A1bg	Alpha-1-B glycoprotein	Unknown	3.5
Gm129	Gene model 129 (NCBI)	Unknown	3.3
Sds	Serine dehydratase	Gluconeogenesis/cellular amino acid metabolic process/metabolic process	3.1
Pck1	Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1, cytosolic	Gluconeogenesis/gluconeogenesis/oxaloacetate metabolic process/lipid metabolic process/glycerol biosynthetic process from pyruvate	3.0
Lrtm1	Leucine-rich repeats and transmembrane domains 1	Unknown	3.0
Ntrk2	Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2, transcript variant 1	Vasculogenesis/protein amino acid phosphorylation/transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway/multicellular organismal development/nervous system development/feeding behavior/glutamate secretion/regulation of metabolic process/cell differentiation/brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway/mechanoreceptor differentiation	3.0
Gls2	Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein	Gutamine metabolic process	3.0
Susd4	Sushi domain containing 4	Unknown	2.9
Slc16a5	Solute carrier family 16 (monocarboxylic acid transporters), member 5	Unknown	2.9
Ccrn4l	CCR4 carbon catabolite repression 4-like (S. cerevisiae)	Rhythmic process	2.9
Lhpp	Phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase	Metabolic process	2.7
Neb	Nebulin	Regulation of actin filament length/sarcomere organization	2.6
Got1	Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1, soluble	Oxaloacetate metabolic process/glycerol biosynthetic process/cellular amino acid metabolic process/aspartate metabolic process/aspartate biosynthetic process/biosynthetic process/glutamate catabolic process to aspartate/glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate/dicarboxylic acid metabolic process/fatty acid homeostasis	2.6
Sult5a1	Sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1	Unknown	2.6
Hapln1	Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1	Cell adhesion	2.5
Mt2	Metallothionein 2	Cellular zinc ion homeostasis/nitric oxide mediated signal transduction/detoxification of copper ion	2.5
Mt1	Metallothionein 1	Cellular metal ion homeostasis/cellular zinc ion homeostasis/nitric oxide mediated signal transduction/detoxification of copper ion	2.4
Slc3a1	Solute carrier family 3, member 1	Amino acid transport	2.4
Trdn	Triadin	Cellular calcium ion homeostasis/regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum/negative regulation of calcium ion transport via store-operated calcium channel activity	2.4
Bhlhe41	Basic helix-loop-helix family, member e41	Negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter/transcription/regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent/circadian rhythm/entrainment of circadian clock/regulation of transcription	2.3
Usp2	Ubiquitin specific peptidase 2, transcript variant 3	Ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	2.3
Derl3	Der1-like domain family, member 3	Unknown	2.3
Mrap2	Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein 2, transcript variant 1	Unknown	2.2
Ncam2	Neural cell adhesion molecule 2, transcript variant 1	Cell adhesion	2.2
S1pr5	Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 5	Signal transduction/G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway	2.2
1810046K07Rik	RIKEN cDNA 1810046K07 gene	Unknown	2.2
Nrg4	Neuregulin 4	Unknown	2.2
Gas2	Growth arrest specific 2	Apoptosis/cell cycle/cell cycle arrest/regulation of cell shape	2.2
Ttc39b	Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 39B	Unknown	2.2
Cyp17a1	Cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Steroid biosynthetic process/glucocorticoid biosynthetic process/oxidation reduction	2.1
Creld2	cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2	Unknown	2.1
Upp2	Uridine phosphorylase 2	Nucleoside metabolic process/nucleotide catabolic process	2.1
Ar	Androgen receptor	In utero embryonic development/transcription/regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent/regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter/male gonad development/cellular process/regulation of gene expression/male somatic sex determination/androgen receptor signaling pathway/androgen receptor signaling pathway/positive regulation of estrogen receptor signaling pathway/positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade/positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway	2.1
Gm10419	Lung RCB-0558 LLC cDNA, RIKEN full-length enriched library, clone:G730014J15 product: Hypothetical protein	Unknown	2.1
Sdf2l1	Stromal cell-derived factor 2-like 1	Unknown	2.0
Trdn	Triadin	Cellular calcium ion homeostasis/regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum/negative regulation of calcium ion transport via store-operated calcium channel activity	2.0
Antxr2	Anthrax toxin receptor 2	Unknown	2.0

S. cerevisiae: Saccharomyces cerevisiae.