Gender, racial, and stage-specific trends in esophageal cancer: Insights from longitudinal population data

Table 2 Annual percent change in age-adjusted incidence rates of esophageal cancer by race/ethnicity and stage at diagnosis stratified by sex

	Male	P value	Female	P value
Incidence [annual % change (95%CI)]
Race/ethnicity
NH White	-0.75 (-1.13 to -0.28)	0.004	-0.11 (-1.17 to 0.92)	0.79
NH Black	-3.54 (-4.74 to -2.33)	< 0.001	-3.40 (-5.29 to -1.41)	0.003
NH AI/AN	-0.62 (-2.28 to 1.40)	0.56	-1.88 (-3.41 to -0.077)	0.039
NH Asian/PI	1.67 (-2.06 to 6.52)	0.31	-2.67 (-6.80 to 2.17)	0.27
Hispanic	-0.97 (-2.71 to 1.07)	0.35	-0.064 (-2.27 to 2.60)	0.95
Staging
In situ	N/A		N/A
Localized	-2.76 (-4.24 to -1.58)	< 0.001	-1.98 (-4.48 to 0.12)	0.059
Regional	-0.73 (-1.81 to 0.32)	0.14	-0.40 (-1.39 to 0.56)	0.39
Distant	-0.43 (-1.00 to 0.13)	0.12	-14.096 (-2.54 to 0.35)	0.12
Mortality [annual % change (95%CI)]
Race/ethnicity
NH White	1.03 (-0.22 to 2.39)	0.11	0.65 (-0.60 to 2.01)	0.32
NH Black	-1.98 (-4.36 to 0.67)	0.14	-0.78 (-2.97 to 1.53)	0.51
NH AI/AN	3.09 (-0.53 to 8.28)	0.091	-0.091 (-4.68 to 6.73)	0.83
NH Asian/PI	-0.14 (-1.64 to 1.65)	0.95	-0.67 (-3.02 to 2.52)	0.76
Hispanic	0.50 (-0.63 to 1.81)	0.36	2.24 (0.42-4.99)	0.021
Staging
In situ	N/A		N/A
Localized	0.71 (-0.82 to 2.39)	0.35	0.23 (-1.62 to 2.30)	0.82
Regional	0.92 (-0.39 to 2.42)	0.17	0.86 (-0.50 to 2.36)	0.22
Distant	0.22 (-1.00 to 1.47)	0.68	-0.051 (-1.39 to 1.49)	0.93

AI/AN: American Indian/Alaskan Native; N/A: Not applicable; NH: Non-Hispanic; PI: Pacific Islander; CI: Confidence interval.