Gender, racial, and stage-specific trends in esophageal cancer: Insights from longitudinal population data

Table 1 Age-adjusted rates

Variables	Overall	Male	Female
Incidence [age-adjusted rate (95%CI) per 100000 people]
Sex
Male	4.1 (4.0-4.1)	N/A	N/A
Female	0.9 (0.9-1.0)	N/A	N/A
Race/ethnicity
NH White	2.7 (2.6-2.7)	4.6 (4.5-4.7)	1.0 (1.0-1.0)
NH Black	2.2 (2.1-2.3)	3.6 (3.4-3.8)	1.2 (1.4-1.4)
NH AI/AN	1.9 (2.6-3.3)	4.4 (3.8-5.1)	1.6 (1.3-2.0)
NH Asian/PI	1.5 (1.4-1.5)	2.6 (2.4-2.7)	0.6 (0.5-0.7)
Hispanic	1.7 (1.6-1.8)	3.1 (2.9-3.2)	0.6 (0.5-0.7)
Staging
In situ	0.0 (0.0-0.0)	0.0 (0.0-0.0)	0.0 (0.0-0.0)
Localized	0.5 (0.5-0.5)	0.9 (0.9-0.9)	0.2 (0.2-0.3)
Regional	0.8 (0.8-0.8)	1.4 (1.4-1.4)	0.4 (0.3-0.4)
Distant	1.0 (1.0-1.0)	1.8 (1.7-1.8)	0.3 (0.3-0.4)
Mortality [age-adjusted rate (95%CI) per 100000 people]
Sex
Male	3.4 (3.4-3.5)	N/A	N/A
Female	0.7 (0.7-0.8)	N/A	N/A
Race/ethnicity
NH White	2.1 (2.1-2.2)	3.8 (3.7-3.9)	0.8 (0.8-0.8)
NH Black	2.0 (1.9-2.1)	3.3 (3.1-3.5)	1.1 (1.0-1.2)
NH AI/AN	2.5 (2.2-2.8)	3.8 (3.2-4.5)	1.4 (1.1-1.8)
NH Asian/PI	1.2 (1.1-1.2)	2.1 (2.0-2.2)	0.4 (0.4-0.5)
Hispanic	1.4 (1.3-1.5)	2.6 (2.5-2.8)	0.5 (0.4-0.5)
Staging
In situ	0.0 (0.0-0.0)	0.0 (0.0-0.0)	0.0 (0.0-0.0)
Localized	0.4 (0.3-0.4)	0.6 (0.6-0.7)	0.2 (0.2-0.2)
Regional	0.6 (0.6-0.7)	1.1 (1.1-1.2)	0.3 (0.2-0.3)
Distant	0.9 (0.9-0.9)	1.6 (1.6-1.7)	0.3 (0.3-0.3)

AI/AN: American Indian/Alaskan Native; N/A: Not applicable; NH: Non-Hispanic; PI: Pacific Islander; CI: Confidence interval.