Blunt pancreatic trauma: A persistent diagnostic conundrum?

Table 2 Computed tomography signs of pancreatic injury[9,10,12,27,38-41]

"Hard" signs/specific signs	"Soft" signs/suggestive signs
Fracture of the pancreas	Fluid separating the splenic vein from posterior aspect of pancreas
Pancreatic laceration	Fluid surrounding the superior mesenteric artery/(SMV cuff sign)
Focal or diffuse pancreatic enlargement/edema	Fluid in the anterior and posterior pararenal spaces
Pancreatic hematoma	Fluid in transverse mesocolon and lesser sac
Active bleeding/extravasation of intravenous contrast	Inflammatory changes in peripancreatic fat and mesentery
	Thickening of the left anterior renal fascia
	Delayed signs
	Pancreatic ductal dilatation
	Pseudocyst formation/peripancreatic fluid collection

SMV: Superior mesenteric vein.