FMRI contributions to addressing autobiographical memory impairment in temporal lobe pathology

Table 1 Summaries of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating autobiographical memory in patients with medial temporal lobe damage

Ref.	Pathology	Patients	Lesion side	Remote memory profile	Compensatory Activations
Addis et al[97]	Temporal lobe epilepsy	11 patients	Left	Mild impairment episodic AM	mPFC, posterior medial structures
				Relative preservation semantic AM	mPFC-PHG connectivity
Berry et al[124]	Limbic encephalitis	Single-case, Mrs B	Bilateral	Impaired AM (recent events)	Left vlPFC, posterior cortices
Maguire et al[72]	Developmental amnesia	Single-case, patient Jon	Bilateral	Impaired AM (few preserved events) relatively normal semantic memory	Functional residual hippocampi mPFC
Maguire et al[77]	Hypoxia in late age	Single-case, patient VC	Bilateral	Severe impairment AM	Lateral temporal areas (for personal facts)
Maguire et al[110]	Semantic dementia	Single-case, patient AM	Initially left later bilateral	Initially relatively intact AM followed by gradual deterioration	Year 1: Initially functional right and residual left hippocampi,
					Year2: mPFC, vlPFC, precuneus,
					Year 3: few occipito-temporal areas
Manning et al[98]	Temporal lobe epilepsy	Single-case, patient JR	Left	Preserved AM, impaired public memory	Contro-lesional right MTL, mPFC, posterior cortices
Meulenbroek et al[113]	Alzheimer's disease	21 patients	Bilateral	Episodic-to-semantic shift	mPFC, left vlPFC, posterior cortices
Viard et al[111]	Semantic dementia	Patients JPL and EP	JPL: bilateral	JPL: impaired AM	JPL: right hippocampus, vlPFC, occipital areas
			EP: bilateral but sparing hippocampi	EP: initially relatively preserved AM	EP: both hippocampi

AM: Autobiographical memory; mPFC: Medial prefrontal cortex; vlPFC: Ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex; MTL: Medial temporal lobe; PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus.