Screening and early diagnosis of osteoporosis through X-ray and ultrasound based techniques

Figure 4 A new ultrasound-based methodology. A: Ultrasound (US) scan of lumbar spine; B: Physical principles of the ultrasound technique based on the reflection of US waves; C: Selection of the target bone interface and automatic detection of the region of interest for diagnostic evaluations and medical report provided with BMD, T-score and Z-score values. BMD: Bone mineral density.