Computed tomography-derived assessment of respiratory impairment in thoracic scoliosis: Comparison between idiopathic and non-idiopathic etiologies

Table 4 Pre- and post-operative comparisons of spinal thoracic deformity parameters and computed tomography-derived respiratory function parameters

		Entire			Idiopathic			Non-idiopathic
		Pre-operative	Post-operative	P value	Pre-operative	Post-operative	P value	Pre-operative	Post-operative	P value
Cobb angle (°)		64 (46, 84)	28 (17, 50)	< 0.001	47 (38, 65)	18 (16, 26)	< 0.001	82 (56, 96)	47 (34, 63)	< 0.001
AVT (mm)		46 (32, 76)	16 (9, 46)	< 0.001	38 (27, 47)	10 (7, 16)	< 0.001	75 (45, 93)	45 (33, 70)	< 0.001
AVB-R		0.67 (0.36, 0.81)	0.73 (0.50, 0.83)	0.06	0.68 (0.51, 0.75)	0.74 (0.63, 0.80)	0.002	0.66 (0.24, 1.76)	0.57 (0.36, 1.34)	0.99
RAml (°)		39 (26, 59)	27 (20, 50)	< 0.001	32 (22, 39)	22 (17, 27)	< 0.001	55 (28, 72)	48 (34, 67)	0.09
RAsag (°)		21 (13, 38)	19 (13, 39)	0.95	15 (11, 23)	14 (10, 18)	0.05	36 (16, 45)	38 (20, 48)	0.07
TLC%		54 (40, 68)	56 (41, 70)	0.80	64 (59, 75)	67 (55, 75)	0.93	41 (30, 54)	44 (33, 56)	0.58
Lung volume (mL)	Total	2354 (1478, 2974)	2380 (1577, 3077)	0.85	2845 (2545, 3318)	2802 (2471, 3381)	0.94	1500 (880, 2190)	1741 (966, 2299)	0.71
	Right	1269 (837, 1572)	1231 (918, 1653)	0.98	1534 (1375, 1828)	1499 (1300, 1752)	0.67	862 (463, 1156)	960 (533, 1170)	0.58
	Right upper	421 (263, 528)	418 (255, 536)	0.99	490 (427, 600)	489 (34, 575)	1.00	276 (183, 388)	274 (174, 401)	0.91
	Right middle	193 (149, 275)	205 (142, 274)	0.93	257 (191, 316)	235 (190, 312)	0.81	157 (106, 223)	165 (101, 229)	0.80
	Right lower	624 (370, 797)	632 (411, 830)	0.98	778 (671, 992)	786 (652, 933)	0.70	413 (171, 563)	469 (230, 576)	0.53
	Left	1122 (671, 1362)	1131 (674, 1435)	0.83	1285 (1132, 1525)	1297 (1157, 1617)	0.74	701 (407, 1098)	726 (440, 1105)	0.84
	Left upper	568 (365, 726)	585 (368, 750)	0.83	709 (587, 795)	718 (604, 798)	0.77	381 (228, 549)	373 (251, 495)	0.83
	Left lower	512 (267, 644)	560 (285, 686)	0.59	602 (508, 769)	628 (533, 783)	0.53	324 (158, 531)	365 (84, 610)	0.77
Tracheal bifurcation	Min diameter	11.8 (10.3, 13.2)	11.9 (10.8, 13.5)	0.56	12.1 (10.8, 13.7)	12.3 (10.9, 13.9)	0.51	11.4 (9.7, 13.1)	11.7 (10.6, 12.5)	0.89
	Max diameter	17.5 (15.4, 19.7)	17.2 (15.2, 20.0)	0.84	18.3 (16.8, 19.9)	17.6 (16.2, 19.9)	0.63	16.1 (13.9, 18.8)	16.3 (14.1, 19.7)	0.67
	Area	180 (140, 213)	175 (140, 213)	0.65	189 (159, 214)	194 (160, 221)	0.87	153 (125, 196)	162 (123, 213)	0.71
Narrowest tracheal segment	Min diameter	11.8 (9.4, 12.8)	11.4 (9.2, 12.8)	0.88	12.2 (11.8, 13.0)	12.0 (11.8, 13.0)	0.85	9.7 (6.0, 12.2)	10.6 (7.9, 12.0)	0.52
	Max diameter	13.8 (12.4, 15.7)	14.0 (12.9, 15.9)	0.68	14.1 (13.4, 15.7)	14.0 (13.2, 16.2)	0.98	13.3 (11.6, 15.9)	14.1 (11.9, 15.8)	0.64
	Area	136 (94, 160)	139 (105, 166)	0.69	149 (128, 165)	141 (125, 173)	0.95	107 (67, 160)	125 (86, 156)	0.56
Narrowest left bronchus	Min diameter	5.5 (4.5, 7.3)	6.8 (5.2, 8.2)	0.001	6.5 (5.1, 7.4)	7.0 (5.5, 8.6)	0.06	5.3 (4.2, 7.1)	6.3 (4.7, 7.8)	0.006
	Max diameter	7.5 (5.9, 9.9)	9.3 (6.9, 11.3)	< 0.001	8.8 (6.9, 10.4)	10.0 (7.4, 11.4)	0.02	7.3 (5.5, 9.1)	8.6 (6.2, 11.3)	0.003
	Area	35 (22, 61)	55 (31, 79)	< 0.001	47 (31, 65)	59 (35, 81)	0.02	33 (19, 52)	47 (26, 78)	0.003
Narrowest right bronchus	Min diameter	8.9 (7.3, 10.5)	7.8 (6.2, 10.1)	0.16	9.8 (7.6, 11.0)	8.5 (7.0, 10.0)	0.20	8.0 (7.2, 10.2)	7.0 (5.3, 10.2)	0.35
	Max diameter	11.7 (9.1, 14.4)	11.4 (8.6, 13.7)	0.50	12.8 (9.8, 15.4)	11.6 (10.0, 13.9)	0.35	10.9 (8.9, 13.4)	9.4 (7.9, 13.1)	0.67
	Area	88 (58, 123)	77 (48, 110)	0.32	97 (67, 143)	83 (60, 110)	0.28	78 (55, 106)	56 (34, 111)	0.60
Right-to-left bronchial length ratio		0.84 (0.79, 0.86)	0.81 (0.79, 0.86)	0.42	0.84 (0.80, 0.86)	0.82 (0.80, 0.86)	0.43	0.83 (0.77, 0.86)	0.81 (0.77, 0.86)	0.68

Data are presented as median values with interquartile ranges. Airway diameters were measured in millimeters (mm), and cross-sectional areas were expressed in square millimeters (mm²). AVT: Apical vertebral translation; AVB-R: Apical vertebral body-rib ratio; RAml: Rotation relative to anterior midline; RAsag: Rotation relative to sagittal plane; TLC%: Predicted total lung capacity percentage.