Non-contrast computed tomography radiomics model to predict benign and malignant thyroid nodules with lobe segmentation: A dual-center study

Table 2 Comparison between the benign and malignant thyroid lobes in the training cohort, n (%)

Characteristics	Benign (n = 80)	Malignant (n = 184)	P value
Gender			0.234
Female	68 (85)	143 (78)
Male	12 (15)	41 (22)
Age (years), median (P25-P75)	54.50 (49.00-64.25)	49.00 (35.00-57.25)	< 0.001
BMI, median (P25-P75)	24.16 (21.93-25.98)	24.80 (22.19-26.35)	0.296
Multiple nodules			0.716
No	43 (54)	105 (57)
Yes	37 (46)	79 (43)
Tumor size group			< 0.001
Small (≤ 5 mm)	4 (5)	39 (21)
Medium (5-10 mm)	21 (26)	78 (42)
Large (> 10 mm)	55 (69)	67 (36)
Calcify			0.028
No	66 (82)	126 (68)
Yes	14 (18)	58 (32)
Cystic			< 0.001
No	57 (71)	172 (93)
Yes	23 (29)	12 (7)
FT3 (pmol/L), median (P25-P75)	4.76 (4.43-5.01)	4.76 (4.39-5.14)	0.421
FT4 (pmol/L), median (P25-P75)	16.20 (14.88-16.92)	16.20 (14.95-18.05)	0.142
TSH (mU/L), median (P25-P75)	1.73 (1.40-2.03)	1.73 (1.37-2.63)	0.227
TGAb (IU/mL), median (P25-P75)	16.70 (15.62-18.05)	16.70 (15.4-25.85)	0.164
TPOAb (IU/mL), median (P25-P75)	13.00 (12.80-13.82)	13.00 (12.35-13.00)	0.671

Biased data are expressed as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and as n (%) for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to compare continuous variables, and the χ²d test was used for categorical variables. BMI: Body mass index; FT3: Free triiodothyronine; FT4: Free thyroxine; TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone; TGAb: Thyroglobulin antibody; TPOAb: Thyroid peroxidase antibody.