Large language models and large concept models in radiology: Present challenges, future directions, and critical perspectives

Figure 5 Strategies to address all forms of incorrectness in large concept models. These strategies work together to address the full spectrum of incorrectness issues - from outright hallucinations to subtle misinterpretations, inappropriate confidence, and contextual misunderstandings. The goal isn’t just factual accuracy but a more reliable, trustworthy and useful artificial intelligence system overall. RAG: Retrieval-augmented generation; RLHF: Reinforcement learning from human feedback.