Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Cardiol. Feb 26, 2016; 8(2): 163-179
Published online Feb 26, 2016. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v8.i2.163
Table 1 MicroRNAs involved in cardiomyocytes differentiation
microRNATargetsEffect on cardiomyogenesis (mechanism)Used in reprogrammingRef.
Increased during cardiomyogenesis
1Dll1 (Notch)↑ CM Differentiation (↑ Nkx2.5 and Myogenin)+[102-104,106,109-111]
Hes1 (Notch)↑ CM Differentiation (↑ Nkx2.5 and GATA4)
Hand2↓ CM Proliferation
HDAC4↑ CM Differentiation (↑ Mef2c)
Myocardin↑ CM Maturation (↓ SMC phenotype)
30a-eSnai2↑ CM Differentiation (↓ mesenchymal genes)-[102,103,120]
Smarcd2↑ CM Differentiation (↓ mesenchymal genes)
Tnrc6a↑ CM Maturation (↓ miR-206: ↓ SMC Phenotype)
133a-bSnai1↑ CM Differentiation (↓ mesenchymal genes)+[102-105,113]
SRF↓ CM Proliferation
Cyclin D2↓ CM Proliferation
181a-d?↑ CM Proliferation-[103,175]
195Cyclin D1↓ CM Proliferation-[102,103,119,176]
HMGA↓ CM Differentiation (↓ Nkx2.5)
208bMyostatin↑ CM Proliferation+[103,114,117,118]
Sox6, Purβ↑ CM Maturation (↑ beta-Myosin Heavy Chain)
THRAP1↑ CM Maturation (↑ beta-Myosin Heavy Chain)
499-5p? (↑ Wnt)↑ CM Differentiation (↑ Nkx2.5, Mef2c and GATA4)+[102,103,115]
Decreased during cardiomyogenesis
31??-[103]
34c-3p??-[103]
151-3pATP2a2↓ CM Maturation (↓ beta-Myosin Heavy Chain)-[103,177]
221??-[103]
222??-[103]