Innate immune receptors in heart failure: Side effect or potential therapeutic target?

Figure 1 Toll-like receptor signaling. This figure summarizes schematically the complex signalling cascades of the Toll-like receptors. IRF: Interferon regulatory factor; IRAK: Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase; TRIF: TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β; TLR: Toll-like receptor; IKK: IkB kinase; NF-κB: Nuclear factor κB; TBK: TANK binding kinase.