Anti-hypertensive drugs in children and adolescents

Table 2 Anti-hypertensive drugs that have been studied in pediatric clinical trials for United States Food and Drug Administration labeling

Drug class	Drug	Starting dose	Max dose	Frequency	Suspension formulation	Pediatric indication
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor	Enalapril	0.08 mg/kg (up to 5 mg)	0.58 mg/kg or 40 mg	Daily	Yes	All except neonates
	Fosinopril	0.1 mg/kg (5-10 mg)	0.6 mg/kg or 40 mg	Daily	No	Children > 50 kg
	Lisinopril	0.07 mg/kg (up to 5 mg)	0.6 mg/kg or 40 mg	Daily	Yes	> 6 yr
	Benazepril	0.2 mg/kg (up to 10 mg)	0.6 mg/kg or 40 mg	Daily	Yes	>6 yr
Angiotensin receptor blocker	Losartan	0.7 mg/kg (up to 50 mg)	1.4 mg/kg or 100 mg	Daily	Yes	> 6 yr
	Valsartan	1.3 mg/kg (up to 40 mg)	2.7 mg/kg or 160 mg	Daily	Yes	> 6 yr
	Candesartan	1-6 yr: 0.2 mg/kg	1-6 yr: 0.4 mg/kg	Daily or divided dose	Yes	> 1 yr
		6-17 yr, < 50 kg: 4 mg	6-17 yr, < 50 kg: 16 mg
		6-17 yr, > 50 kg 8 mg	6-17 yr, > 50 kg 32 mg
	Olmesartan	20 to < 35 kg: 10 mg	20 to < 35 kg: 20 mg	Daily	Yes	> 6 yr
		≥ 35 kg: 20 mg	≥ 35 kg: 40 mg
	Irbesartan	No FDA pediatric indication (efficacy not demonstrated)
Beta blocker	Metoprolol XL	1.0 mg/kg (< 50 mg)	2 mg/kg up to 200 mg	Daily	No	> 6 yr
	Bisoprolol	No FDA pediatric indication (efficacy not demonstrated)
Calcium channel blocker	Amlodipine	2.5 mg	0.3 mg/kg or 10 mg	Daily	No	> 6 yr
	Felodipine	No FDA pediatric indication (efficacy not demonstrated)
Diuretic	Eplerenone	No FDA pediatric indication (efficacy not demonstrated)

FDA: Food and Drug Administration.