Complicated Whipple’s disease and endocarditis following tumor necrosis factor inhibitors

Table 3 Whipple’s disease related symptoms and outcome after therapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor

Sign or symptom1	Patients (n)
Total number of severe complications	49 (1.88 complications per patient)
Total number of affected patients	26 out of 41 patients (63%)
Fever, septic temperatures	16
T. whipplei septicaemia, T. whipplei in blood	6
Pericarditis	5
Endocarditis (many with valve replacement)	5
IRIS	4
Spondylitis (multisegmental)	4
Colitis, fistula, perforation	4
Neurologic symptoms, meningitis	3
Severe skin manifestation	3
Lymphadenopathy	2
Severe eye complications, blindness	2
Ankylosing sacroiliitis	2
Pulmonary hypertension	1
Outcome
Severe sequelae or death	3/19
Blindness	1
Neurological symptoms
(cognitive sequelae, dysfunction)	1
Death	1
Resolution or favorable outcome	16/19
Not specified/no data	22

¹Many patients experienced arthritis, weight loss or diarrhea as specified in Table 2. IRIS: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; WD: Whipple’s disease; T. whipplei: Tropheryma whipplei.