Review
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Cardiol. Sep 26, 2013; 5(9): 337-346
Published online Sep 26, 2013. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v5.i9.337
Figure 1
Figure 1 Potential mechanisms for cardiovascular effects of vitamin D deficiency. The data were modified from References 51, 52, and 54. RAAS: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; PTH: Parathyroid hormone; BP: Blood pressure; LVH: Left ventricular hypertrophy; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL-6: Interleukin-6; VSMCs: Vascular smooth muscle cells; DM: Diabetes mellitus; MetS: Metabolic syndrome; CV: Cardiovascular.