Air pollution and heart failure: Relationship with the ejection fraction

Table 2 Data on atmospheric pollution in ambient air and meteorological variables between the previous day and the 7 d prior to admission for both of the study group

	HF-PEF(n = 124)	HF-REF(n = 229)	P value
Meteorological variables
Wind speedy (m/s)	2.72 ± 0.68	2.62 ± 0.78	0.21
Temperature (°C)	19.76 ± 2.52	20.08 ± 2.82	0.32
Relative humidity (%)	67.68 ± 6.10	66.85 ± 7.02	0.29
Gaseous pollutants (mg/m3)
CO	172.44 ± 23.89	177 ± 27.10	0.11
SO2	8.1 ± 4.40	7.33 ± 3.46	0.06
NO2	12.95 ± 8.22	4.50 ± 2.34	< 0.0001
O3	59.80 ± 12.52	61.25 ± 11	0.26
Atmospheric particles (mg/m3)
PM10	21 (13-30)	25 (17.5-32)	0.02
PM2.5	13.5 (9-21)	16.5 (11-21)	0.12
PM1	8 (6-16)	9.5 (7-13)	0.42

All of the pollutants are expressed as the average concentration of the pollutant. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, and median values (interquartile intervals). HF-PEF: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; PM: Particulare material with an aerodynamic diameter; PM10: PM < 10 μm; PM2.5: PM < 2.5 μm; PM1: PM < 1 μm.