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World Journal of Cardiology
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1949-8462
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Guidelines for Clinical Practice
©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Cardiol. May 26, 2012; 4(5): 157-172
Published online May 26, 2012. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v4.i5.157
Table 1 Risk factors for radiocontrast-induced nephropathy
Modifiable risk factors
Higher dose of contrast agent used
Congestive heart failure
Periprocedural shock
Anemia or postprocedural drop in hematocrit
Use of nephrotoxins
Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications
Dehydration
Hypertension or blood pressure control
Diabetes mellitus or sugar control
Increased CK-MB
Urgent or emergency priority of the procedure
Need for cardiac surgery after contrast exposure
Preprocedural intra-aortic balloon pump use
Non-modifiable risk factors
Age > 75 yr
Female sex
Baseline renal function
Full Size Table
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