Diagnosis and management of pericardial effusion

Table 1 Causes of pericardial effusion

Secondary to underlying known disease

Acute myocardial infarction

Cardiac surgery

Trauma

Widespread known neoplasia

Chest radiation

End-stage renal failure

Invasive cardiac procedures

Hypothyroidism

Autoimmune diseases

Without underlying known disease

Acute inflammatory pericarditis (infectious, autoimmune)

Previously unknown neoplasia

Idiopathic