Triglyceride-glucose index and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic severe heart failure

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics according to triglyceride-glucose index, n (%)

Variable	Low TyG index (n = 130)	High TyG index (n = 131)	P value
Age, years	67.5 ± 11.8	68.1 ± 11.4	0.675
Age ≥ 65 years	74 (56.9)	77 (58.8)	0.761
Male sex	83 (63.8)	82 (62.6)	0.834
Smokin	73 (56.2)	68 (51.9)	0.580
Alcohol consumption	29 (22.3)	32 (24.4)	0.475
Hypertension	85 (65.4)	97 (74.0)	0.115
Diabetes mellitus	50 (38.5)	69 (52.7)	0.021
Hyperlipidemia	63 (48.5)	81 (61.8)	0.030
Cerebral infarction	16 (12.3)	24 (18.3)	0.178
Prior PCI	24 (18.5)	27 (20.6)	0.662
Prior CABG	15 (11.5)	14 (10.7)	0.827
BMI, kg/m2	24.2 ± 3.9	25.6 ± 5.2	0.012
Heart rate, bpm	80.0 (70.0-98.2)	81.0 (67.0-95.0)	0.326
SBP, mmHg	130.0 (118.7-150.0)	130.0 (120.0-150.0)	0.162
DBP, mmHg	80.0 (70.0-90.0)	80.0 (70.0-90.0)	0.100
White blood cell count, 109/L	6.41 (5.22-7.75)	7.02 (5.74-8.45)	0.127
Hemoglobin, g/L	119.5 ± 22.2	125.1 ± 21.7	0.041
NEUT%, %	66.0 ± 10.6	67.2 ± 10.6	0.399
hs-CRP, mg/L	6.45 (2.05-12.33)	8.13 (3.01-13.41)	0.593
AST, U/L	23 (19-32)	22 (17-31)	0.365
ALT, U/L	21 (17-31)	21 (17-27)	0.326
Uric acid, μmol/L	382.8 (296.8-484.4)	388.7 (305.7-481.7)	0.877
eGFR, mL/minute/1.73 m2	56.8 (35.2-75.0)	61.8 (38.3-83.5)	0.148
TC, mmol/L	3.5 (3.1-4.0)	4.1 (3.6-4.9)	< 0.001
LDL-C, mmol/L	1.88 (1.48-2.33)	2.36 (1.89-2.88)	< 0.001
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.1 (0.9-1.3)	1.0 (0.9-1.2)	0.313
HbA1c, %	6.3 (5.8-7.0)	6.7 (6.2-7.8)	< 0.001
NT-proBNP, pg/mL	6014.0 (2883.2-12896.7)	5319.5 (3277.0-12287.2)	0.695
LVEF, %	43.0 (35.0-60.0)	45.0 (32.0-63.0)	0.653
ACEI/ARB	72 (55.4)	81 (61.8)	0.290
Beta-blocker	79 (60.8)	76 (58.0)	0.651
Digoxin	75 (57.6)	65 (49.6)	0.191

Values are presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range).

TyG: Triglyceride-glucose; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; NEUT%: Neutrophil percentage; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; ACEI: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker.