Impact of pre-existing conduction abnormalities on permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis

Figure 4 Valve-type subgroup analysis of pooled permanent pacemaker implantation incidence following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Studies were grouped into five valve-platform strata. Subgroup random-effects pooled proportions: Balloon-expandable valves 0.09 (95%CI: 0.06-0.13; I² = 90.6%; 6 studies); mixed-platform cohorts 0.20 (95%CI: 0.13-0.29; I² = 98.4%; 7 studies); self-expanding valves 0.29 (95%CI: 0.22-0.38; I² = 86.8%; 5 studies). Two strata contained a single study each and were not pooled: Combined self-expanding and mechanically expanded valves 0.28 (95%CI: 0.25-0.31) and mechanically expanded valves alone 0.32 (95%CI: 0.25-0.39). Subgroup difference across all five strata: χ² = 49.51, df = 4, P < 0.001. PPI: Permanent pacemaker implantation; BEV: Balloon-expandable valve; SEV: Self-expanding valve.