Impact of pre-existing conduction abnormalities on permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study design framework for the literature search

Domain	Criteria
Population (P)	Adults (≥ 18 years) undergoing TAVR for aortic stenosis
Intervention/exposure (I)	Pre-existing conduction abnormalities on baseline ECG (e.g., RBBB, LBBB, first-degree AV block, bifascicular block, other baseline conduction disease)
Comparison (C)	TAVR patients without pre-existing conduction abnormalities (normal baseline ECG)
Outcomes (O)	Primary: Requirement for PPI after TAVR. Secondary (if reported): New-onset conduction disturbances, timing of pacemaker implantation, length of hospital stay, short-term mortality
Study design/setting (S)	RCTs, prospective and retrospective observational cohorts, and case series (n > 10) and registry analyses, published in English between January 1, 2010, and February 19, 2026 (inclusive); full text available

AV: Atrioventricular; ECG: Electrocardiogram; LBBB: Left bundle branch block; PPI: Permanent pacemaker implantation; RBBB: Right bundle branch block; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; TAVR: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement.